Advanced International Journal for Research

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Adverse Drug Reactions in Oncology Patients Based on Global Evidence: A Systematic Review

Author(s) Dr. Adesh D. Mishra
Country India
Abstract Objective:
To systematically synthesize global evidence on the prevalence, patterns, causality, risk factors, and management strategies of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in oncology patients.
Methods:
A comprehensive systematic review was conducted by searching major databases and pharmacovigilance sources up to 2025 to identify relevant prospective studies, observational analyses, and mechanistic research on ADRs in cancer patients. Data on ADR incidence, severity, causality, risk factors, and treatment were extracted and analyzed. Quality assessments were performed to ensure reliability of included studies.
Results:
ADRs are frequent in patients receiving systemic anticancer therapies (SACTs), as well as non-cancer medications, contributing significantly to morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs worldwide. Prevalence rates vary greatly across regions and patient populations, with hematological toxicities, gastrointestinal symptoms, dermatological reactions, and immune-related adverse events predominating. Platinum compounds, taxanes, and antimetabolites are the most common agents implicated. Advanced age, female sex, polypharmacy, multimorbidity, and specific drug regimens are major risk factors. Although many ADRs are predictable based on drug toxicity profiles, a substantial portion remains preventable with early recognition and intervention. Emerging immunotherapies present novel ADR profiles requiring tailored management approaches.
Conclusion:
ADRs in oncology patients represent a critical global challenge that adversely affects clinical outcomes. Multidisciplinary care, integration of clinical pharmacy, personalized dosing strategies, and robust pharmacovigilance systems are essential to improve safety. Standardization of ADR reporting and further research on predictive models can enhance prevention. This review supports the implementation of individualized patient management to reduce ADR burden and optimize cancer treatment efficacy worldwide.
Keywords Adverse drug reactions, Oncology, Chemotherapy, Patient safety, Personalized cancer therapy
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 6, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-10-03
DOI https://doi.org/10.63363/aijfr.2025.v06i05.1464
Short DOI https://doi.org/g96fxx
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