Ecological and Environmental Challenges in the Himalayas with Special reference to Sikkim

Author(s)	Mr. Birkha Man Subba(Limboo)
Country	India
Abstract	The Himalayas, as one of the most fragile and ecologically significant mountain system in the world, face increasing environmental challenges driven by both natural process and human intervention. Issues such as deforestation, biodiversity loss, land degradation, glacial retreat and climate-induced disasters have intensified, threatening both ecosystem and human livelihoods. Within this broader Himalayan context, the State of Sikkim presents a unique case. Despite being recognize as India's first fully organic state and a biodiversity hotspot, Sikkim experience recurring ecological pressure including landslides, soil erosion, hydro power induced reverie changes, glacier lake outburst floods, and the adverse impact of unregulated tourism. Theoretical and analytical perspective highlight how a fragile geology, climate variability, and development pressure coverage to create complex environmental Vulnerability in the region. Understanding this challenges in the Sikkimese context is crucial not only for regional sustainability but also for informing broader strategies of conservation and climate adaptation in the Himalayas.
Published In	Volume 6, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On	2025-10-22
DOI	https://doi.org/10.63363/aijfr.2025.v06i05.1656
Short DOI	https://doi.org/g97v64

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