Advanced International Journal for Research

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Innovations in Mucosal Drug Delivery: A Comprehensive Review of Sublingual and Lingual Delivery Devices

Author(s) Prof. Dr. Kamalakkannan V, Mr. Gowrishankar Padmanaban, Kugalur Ganesan Parthiban, Dr. Sangameswaran Balakrishnan
Country India
Abstract Mucosal drug delivery via sublingual and lingual routes is increasingly recognized as a transformative approach in pharmaceutical research, owing to its ability to circumvent gastrointestinal degradation and first-pass hepatic metabolism, thus enabling rapid onset and enhanced bioavailability for a diverse range of drugs. Recent innovations in materials science have yielded advanced formulations including nanoencapsulation, mucoadhesive films, multilayered tablets, and bioinspired carriers, which significantly improve drug stability, solubility, and residence time within the oral cavity. Device engineering has progressed with the development of personalized 3D-printed dosage forms, nanoparticle sprays, and microrobotic pills equipped with microstirrers, offering precise, rapid, and efficient drug release even under challenging mucosal conditions. Additionally, digital health integration is reshaping sublingual and lingual delivery systems through biosensor-enabled smart patches and dose-tracking devices, promoting real-time adherence monitoring and feedback-based dosing for improved clinical outcomes. Commercial products have expanded to include rapidly dissolving tablets, transbuccal sprays, and smart device prototypes for a range of indications, such as acute pain, cardiovascular emergencies, and chronic disease management. Despite these advances, challenges like formulation stability, taste masking, and variable patient compliance remain focal points for future research, driving ongoing improvements in technology, education, and regulatory pathways.
Keywords Mucosal drug delivery, Sublingual devices, Lingual devices, Buccal sprays, Nanocarriers
Field Chemistry > Pharmacy
Published In Volume 6, Issue 5, September-October 2025
Published On 2025-10-30
DOI https://doi.org/10.63363/aijfr.2025.v06i05.1760
Short DOI https://doi.org/g99qns

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