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Influence of the Ionic Strength of the Medium on Complex Equillibria Lanthanide Metal Ion and Substituted Pyrazolines In 70% Ethanol-water Mixture

Author(s) Dr. Ram D Isankar, Ms. Deepashri R Deshmukh
Country India
Abstract The influence of ionic strength on the complex equilibria between lanthanide metal ions Sm³⁺, La³⁺, and Tb³⁺ and substituted pyrazolines in 70% ethanol–water mixture has been investigated potentiometrically. The measurements were carried out at constant temperature (30 ± 0.1 °C) and varying ionic strengths, which were maintained by adding different concentrations of sodium perchlorate (NaClO₄) as an inert electrolyte. The proton–ligand and metal–ligand stability constants were evaluated using the Irving–Rossotti and Bjerrum methods. It was observed that the stability constants of both proton–ligand and metal–ligand complexes decrease with increasing ionic strength of the medium. This behaviour is attributed to the reduction in electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged species due to increased shielding and solvation effects at higher ionic strengths.
Among the metal ions studied, the stability of the complexes follows the order:
Tb³⁺>Sm³⁺>La³⁺, indicating that the smaller ionic radius and higher charge density of Tb³⁺ result in stronger complexation with the pyrazoline ligand. The results suggest that the ionic environment of the solvent plays a crucial role in controlling the stability and formation of lanthanide–pyrazoline complexes. Such studies are useful for understanding the coordination behaviour of lanthanide ions in mixed solvent systems and their potential applications in analytical and coordination chemistry.
Keywords Sm³⁺, La³⁺, Tb³⁺, substituted pyrazolines, ionic strength, ethanol–water mixture, complex equilibria, stability constants.
Field Chemistry
Published In Volume 6, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-12
DOI https://doi.org/10.63363/aijfr.2025.v06i06.1948
Short DOI https://doi.org/g998q9
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