Advanced International Journal for Research

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Ganga and Banaras: A Historical, Social, and Cultural Study of the Coexistence of River and City

Author(s) Dr. Manisha Upadhyay, Dr. Sagufta Parveen
Country India
Abstract The Ganga River and the city of Banaras (Varanasi) exemplify an enduring interrelationship that intertwines history, culture, and faith in the Indian subcontinent. This connection transcends mere geography, being deeply embedded in the spiritual, cultural, social, and economic fabric developed over millennia. Revered in Indian tradition as the giver of salvation, the sustainer of life, and a symbol of purity, the Ganga complements Banaras, celebrated worldwide as the “City of Salvation.”
This study examines the reciprocal influences between the river and the city, illustrating how the Ganga has shaped Banaras’s religious practices, commercial life, and rich traditions of art, literature, and music. It further addresses the transformative—often detrimental—impact of modern human interventions, including unchecked urban expansion, industrial effluents, and unsustainable tourism, which have compromised the river’s purity, flow, and ecological stability. The discussion also considers the role of governmental initiatives and the persistent challenges in safeguarding this intertwined heritage.
Within the framework of journalism, the paper underscores the necessity of moving beyond superficial event coverage toward in-depth, historically and environmentally informed reporting. Such journalism can play a pivotal role in advancing environmental stewardship, preserving cultural heritage, and fostering societal awareness.
The research concludes that safeguarding the Ganga and Banaras requires more than state policies; it demands the integrated efforts of communities, cultural institutions, educational systems, and the media. By bridging historical scholarship with media studies, this work offers insights of value to both disciplines.
Keywords Ganga, Banaras, history, journalism, culture, ecology, coexistence, sacred city.
Field Sociology > Journalism / Media
Published In Volume 6, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-22
DOI https://doi.org/10.63363/aijfr.2025.v06i06.2142
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbdswc
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