Advanced International Journal for Research

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Adhatoda vasica (Malabar Nut): A Comprehensive Review of Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Potential

Author(s) Rutuja Vishwajeet Padmukh, Aakanksha Raju Jadhav, Prof. Madhuri Shrawane, Prof. D. K. Vir
Country India
Abstract dhatoda vasica Nees (Acanthaceae), commonly known as Vasaka or Malabar nut, is a perennial evergreen shrub widely used in traditional systems of medicine such as Ayurveda, Unani, and Siddha. The plant is a rich source of quinazoline alkaloids, particularly vasicine and vasicinone, along with flavonoids, terpenoids, essential oils, and other bioactive constituents that collectively contribute to its therapeutic potential. Ethnomedicinally, it has been employed for centuries in the treatment of respiratory disorders, including asthma, bronchitis, and tuberculosis, and also for bleeding disorders, wounds, and skin diseases. Modern pharmacological investigations have confirmed its expectorant, bronchodilator, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anticancer, hepatoprotective, and wound-healing activities. Recent studies (2022–2025) have further demonstrated its multi-target mechanisms against chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, oxidative stress, microbial infections, and metabolic disorders, while advanced extraction methods have enhanced yield and standardization of its phytochemicals. Despite promising outcomes, clinical validation and comprehensive toxicological profiling remain limited, especially concerning its uterotonic effects. Overall, A. vasica represents a valuable ethnomedicinal plant with significant potential for novel therapeutic development, warranting further research in standardized formulations and controlled clinical studies.
Keywords Adhatoda vasica; Phytochemistry; Pharmacological activities; Respiratory disorders; Ethnomedicine
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 6, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On 2025-11-27
DOI https://doi.org/10.63363/aijfr.2025.v06i06.2184
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbdsvf
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