Insights into Molecular Interactions of Schiff Base Ligands Through Ultrasonic Velocity Analysis in 1,4-Dioxane–Water At 298 K, 302 K, 306 K

Author(s)	Ms. Vedanti S. Fate, Prof. Dr. Pravin B. Raghuwanshi, Dr. Mrunal M. Mahajan
Country	India
Abstract	The ultrasonic velocity (U), density (ρ) of (E)-1-(4-substituted benzylidene)-3-phenyl urea were measured at three different temperatures 298K, 302K and 306 K. Various acoustic parameters like adiabatic compressibility (βs), molal adiabatic compressibility (ɸk), apparent molar volume (ɸV), intermolecular free length (Lf), Relative association (RA) and Specific acoustic impedance (Z) were calculated by measuring ultrasonic velocity at different percentages of 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% 1,4-dioxane-water mixture. The findings suggest that intermolecular forces become weaker as temperature increases, which is reflected by higher compressibility and greater free length. Changes in apparent molar volume, acoustic impedance, and relative association with concentration indicate distinct solute–solvent interactions, where dilution favours stronger solute–solvent association, while concentrated solutions show enhanced solute–solute interactions.
Keywords	Acoustic, Intermolecular interaction, Ultrasonic velocity, Interferometric study, Physicochemical, Schiff base ligands
Field	Chemistry
Published In	Volume 6, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On	2025-12-24

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