Comparative Analysis of Forest and Aquatic Ecology: Interconnected Dynamics, Threats, and Conservation Approaches

Author(s)	Saroj Rani, Sneha Chaudhary
Country	India
Abstract	Forests and aquatic ecosystems are crucial to Earth’s biosphere, supporting biodiversity, climate regulation, and ecological stability. This study integrates their bi-directional linkages through a unified, data-driven framework, unlike earlier works that examined them separately. A comparative assessment of forest and aquatic ecology was performed using global datasets and case studies from the Amazon Basin, Sundarbans mangrove delta, and Himalayan river catchments. Key ecological indicators—carbon sequestration, biodiversity index, nutrient cycling efficiency, and pollution levels—were analyzed to assess ecosystem health and interdependence. Results show that deforestation led to a 25% reduction in carbon sequestration and a 40% increase in sediment load, decreasing aquatic biodiversity by 30%. Conversely, mangrove and wetland restoration enhanced nutrient retention and water quality. A strong correlation (r = 0.82) between forest cover and aquatic health highlights their interdependence. Integrated management aligned with SDGs 13, 14, and 15 is vital for ecological resilience.
Keywords	Forest ecology, Aquatic ecology, Biodiversity, Ecosystem services, Climate change, Conservation, Integrated management, Sustainability.
Field	Biology > Agriculture / Botany
Published In	Volume 6, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On	2025-12-16

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