Parental Involvement as a Determinant of Academic Outcomes: Evidence from Scheduled Caste Students in Kerala

Author(s)	Dr. Vinila L, Prof. ARJUNAN N K
Country	India
Abstract	This study examined the level of parental involvement and its relationship with school outcomes among Scheduled Caste students in Kerala. A descriptive survey design was employed with a stratified random sample of 216 students (Std. VIII–X) and their 432 parents. Parental involvement was measured using the Parent Involvement in Children’s Education Scale (Parent and Child versions), while school outcome was assessed through official examination scores. Descriptive statistics indicated that most parents exhibited moderate involvement (71.11%), with only 13.33% demonstrating high involvement. Significant differences were observed across sub-groups: parents of boys showed higher involvement than parents of girls (t = 3.49, p < .01); urban parents were more involved than rural parents (t = 4.58, p < .01); and mothers reported greater involvement than fathers (t = 5.21, p < .01). Higher parental education was also associated with increased involvement. Pearson’s correlation revealed a significant positive relationship between parental involvement and school outcome for the total sample (r = 0.431, p < .01), with stronger association for mothers (r = 0.494) than fathers (r = 0.351).
Keywords	Parental Involvement, School Outcome, Scheduled Caste Students.
Field	Sociology > Education
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-03-05

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