Advanced International Journal for Research

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Diagnostic role of histopathology and Immunohistochemistry in Premalignant and malignant cutaneous lesions at tertiary care centre, Telangana.

Author(s) Dr. LAVANYA GIRIGIRI, Dr. NAGARJUNA CHARY RAJARIKAM, Dr. NAVAL KISHORE
Country India
Abstract Background:
Incidence of skin tumors has increased dramatically over the last few decades, as a result of increasing sun exposure, genetic and environmental factors may play a role. Around 1,32,000 new cases of melanoma occur each year and 80% of the deaths due to skin cancer is associated with invasive melanoma worldwide. The incidence of cutaneous malignancies is in a rise in India as well.
Objectives: To study the clinical and histopathological spectrum of premalignant and malignant skin lesions and to differentiate pre malignant and malignant lesions by immunohistochemistry.
Materials and Methods: It is a cross-sectional study conducted after taking ethical clearance from the institutional committee. A total of 50 skin biopsies were evaluated histopathologically and using IHC markers. IRS was categorized as mild, moderate and strong based on the immunopositivity and intensity of the staining. Statistical analysis was conducted using chi-square test with p < 0.05 considered significant.
Results: Average age of the study population with Premalignant and malignant skin lesions came out to be 71.5 years with standard deviation of 7.36 years. Males were 29 (58%) and females were 21(42%). Out of 50 study population 26 (52%) were malignant lesions and 24(48%) were premalignant lesions. IRS was moderate to strong in various lesion and the marker positivity was significant with different markers.
Conclusion: The study highlights that a combined Clinicohistopathological and immunohistochemical approach enhances diagnostic precision, assists in differentiating morphologically overlapping lesions, and provides additional information regarding tumor behaviour.
Keywords Premalignant and malignant skin lesions, histopathology, Immunohistochemistry.
Field Medical / Pharmacy
Published In Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-12
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