C.K. Prahalad’s Bottom of Pyramid Business Model

Author(s)	Prof. Dr. VIDYA P HATTANGADI
Country	India
Abstract	The Bottom of the Pyramid (BOP) refers to the poorest two-thirds of the global population which is over 4 billion people living on less than $2 or $5 a day. Popularized by C.K. Prahalad in 2004, it represents an untapped, high-volume market. Businesses target this segment with affordable, high-volume, low-margin products (e.g., small shampoo sachets) to ease poverty while generating profit. Roughly two-thirds of the population, or about 68%, live on less than $5 per day. The global Bottom of the Pyramid (BoP) consists of approximately 4 billion people living in poverty, typically defined as those with incomes below $2.50 to $3.00 per day.
Keywords	C.K. Prahalad, Bottom of the Pyramid, Micro-distribution, Voluminous, FMCG, Technology-Driven, Innovation, Sachets, Kiosks, Lowest Income Tier.
Field	Business Administration
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On	2026-03-19

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