Artificial Intelligence and Social Problems: A Critical Perspective

Kavita Kulkarni

Artificial Intelligence and Social Problems: A Critical Perspective

Author(s)	Dr. Kavita Kulkarni
Country	India
Abstract	Artificial Intelligence (AI) has rapidly evolved into a transformative tool with the capacity to process vast datasets, detect patterns, forecast trends, and simulate interventions across diverse domains such as healthcare, education, urban planning, and governance. Its analytical capabilities offer the potential to enhance efficiency, improve resource allocation, and support policy-making in addressing complex societal challenges. This study critically examines AI’s role in the context of social problems, emphasizing that issues such as poverty, inequality, discrimination, and corruption are fundamentally rooted in human behavior, choices, and social structures. While AI can provide predictive insights, model interventions, and highlight potential solutions, it inherently lacks moral judgment, empathy, and ethical reasoning—qualities essential for understanding and resolving human-centered problems. Through a qualitative analysis of existing literature, case studies, and policy reports, this paper highlights both the successes and limitations of AI-driven approaches in social development. Examples include AI-assisted healthcare diagnostics, predictive models for urban planning, and algorithms for optimizing educational access. Although these applications demonstrate the utility of AI as a decision-support tool, they also reveal the technology’s dependency on human interpretation, value judgments, and implementation strategies. AI can suggest possible interventions, but the effectiveness of these solutions ultimately hinges on human action, societal commitment, and ethical responsibility. The study argues that treating AI as an autonomous agent capable of independently resolving social issues risks oversimplifying the complexities of human society and ignoring the moral and social dimensions inherent in these problems. Instead, AI should be positioned as an intellectual aid—a powerful complement to human reasoning that can enhance decision-making, policy formulation, and strategic planning. By clearly delineating the capabilities and limits of AI, this research provides a nuanced understanding of how technology can support social development without replacing the human agency essential to effecting meaningful and sustainable change.
Keywords	Artificial Intelligence, Social Problems, Human Will, Ethics, Decision-Making, Intellectual Aid
Field	Sociology
Published In	Volume 6, Issue 6, November-December 2025
Published On	2025-12-11

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Artificial Intelligence and Social Problems: A Critical Perspective

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