Design and Analysis of a Supercapacitor Based Hybrid Energy Storage System for Electric Vehicles

Author(s)	AKSHITH KUMAR N, Dr. Pushparajesh V
Country	India
Abstract	Electric vehicles (EVs) require both high energy density and high power density from their onboard energy storage systems. Lithium-ion batteries provide high energy density but experience degradation when exposed to repeated high current spikes during acceleration, regenerative braking, and hill climbing. To address these challenges, this work proposes a hybrid energy storage system (HESS) combining lithium-ion batteries and supercapacitors. Supercapacitors offer extremely high power density, rapid charge–discharge capability, and long cycle life. The proposed architecture integrates a supercapacitor module with the battery pack using a bidirectional DC–DC converter to enable efficient energy sharing. MATLAB Simulink simulations are used to analyze voltage, current, and power characteristics of the hybrid system. Results indicate improved transient response, enhanced regenerative braking energy capture, and reduced battery stress. The modular design provides a scalable architecture suitable for modern electric vehicle applications.
Keywords	hybrid energy storage, supercapacitor for ev
Field	Engineering
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On	2026-05-11

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