Advanced International Journal for Research

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Comparative Phytochemical Profiling and Morphological Characterization of Four Piper Betle (Paan) Varieties using UV–Visible Spectrophotometry

Author(s) Dr. Reena Modi, Mr. Kanhaiya Lal Sharma, Dr. Gunmala gugalia
Country India
Abstract Piper betle L. is a widely used medicinal plant across South Asia, known for its rich phytochemical composition and significant therapeutic properties. The present investigation was conducted to comparatively evaluate four widely consumed cultivars of Piper betle, namely Desi paan (Sample A), Madrasi paan (Sample B), Bengali paan (Sample C), and Meetha paan (Sample D), based on their leaf morphology and phytochemical composition using UV–Visible spectrophotometric analysis. Fresh, healthy leaves devoid of any physical damage were thoroughly washed, dehydrated for 25 hours, finely powdered, and subjected to ethanolic extraction. The UV–Visible spectra recorded within the range of 200–800 nm revealed prominent absorption bands between 220 and 280 nm in all the studied cultivars, revealing the existence of phenolic and flavonoid constituents. Among the four cultivars, Sample A showed the highest absorbance intensity, suggesting a comparatively higher phytochemical content, followed by Samples B and C, whereas Sample D exhibited relatively lower absorbance. Morphological assessment demonstrated notable variation in leaf size, with Desi paan possessing the largest leaves and Meetha paan the smallest. The integrated morphological and spectrophotometric results indicate that Desi paan exhibits superior phytochemical potential, highlighting its possible application in medicinal and nutraceutical formulations.








Graphical abstract: A Schematic overview illustrating the core methodology and the central finding of this study
Keywords Piper betle, UV–Visible spectrophotometry, Phytochemicals; Phenolics, Flavonoids.
Field Biology > Agriculture / Botany
Published In Volume 7, Issue 3, May-June 2026
Published On 2026-05-11
DOI https://doi.org/10.63363/aijfr.2026.v07i03.5588
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