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A study to assess the Quality of life of Patients undergoing hemodialysis at Fortis Hospital & kidney institute, Rash Behari, Kolkata

Author(s) Dr. Moirangthem Chanchan Devi, Ms. Tapati Barman, Ms. Mita Ghosh, Ms. Jhuma Mukherjee
Country India
Abstract Abstract
Introduction:
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive condition characterized by gradual loss of kidney function. Haemodialysis is one of the most commonly used renal replacement therapies that helps remove waste products and excess fluids from the blood.
Although haemodialysis prolongs life, it imposes multiple challenges such as physical discomfort, emotional stress, dietary restrictions, and social limitations. These factors significantly affect the quality of life of patients.
Quality of Life (QOL) is an important indicator of overall well-being and effectiveness of healthcare services. Assessing QOL helps healthcare providers understand patient needs and improve care.
Globally, the incidence of ESKD is estimated to range between 350 and 400 cases per million population annually, with over two million people receiving dialysis worldwide In India, by comparison, there are an estimated 229 new cases of ESKD per million population each year, and more than 100,000 patients initiate dialysis annually These figures highlight both the substantial burden of kidney failure in India and the gap in access to renal replacement therapy compared with high-income countries. Beyond survival, patients face significant physical and psychological challenges that hinder daily functioning, making the maintenance of quality of life (QoL) as critical a goal as prolonging life itself.
QoL, according to the World Health Organization (WHO), is how an individual view their living circumstances considering their goals, ambitions, and cultural and value systems. Several factors affect QoL during HD, such as comorbidities, nutritional status, mental health, socioeconomic situations, and access to healthcare services. Malnutrition and protein-energy wasting are common in HD patients, resulting in increased morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, psychological stress, the forfeiture of social obligations, and reduced autonomy stemming from extended treatment durations and chronic illness may further aggravate the deterioration of QoL

Background: Patients undergoing haemodialysis often experience:
 Fatigue and weakness
 Anxiety and depression
 Reduced social interaction
 Financial burden
Evaluating QOL helps identify problems faced by patients and guides interventions to improve patient care and satisfaction.
Aim: To assess the quality of life among patients undergoing haemodialysis.
Methods:
Descriptive study was conducted among 60 patients undergoing haemodialysis. Data were collected using a structured demographic questionnaire and a quality of life assessment tool covering four domains: physical, psychological, social, and environmental. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequency, percentage, mean, median, and standard deviation.
Results:
The present study was conducted to assess the quality of life among patients undergoing haemodialysis. The findings showed that most participants belonged to the 45–55 years age group (58.33%), followed by the 35–45 years group (21.67%). Male participants constituted 68.33% of the sample, while females accounted for 31.67%. Most participants were married (95%), indicating good family and social support.
Regarding dialysis treatment, 83.33% of the participants were receiving haemodialysis for 4 hours per session, while 16.67% underwent dialysis for 3 hours and 45 minutes. Most patients (75%) received dialysis three times per week, whereas 25% underwent dialysis twice weekly.
Domain-wise assessment of quality of life revealed that the physical domain had a mean score of 10.12 ± 0.21 and the psychological domain had a mean score of 9.07 ± 0.26, both interpreted as moderate quality of life. In comparison, the social domain (12.60 ± 0.39) and environmental domain (12.50 ± 0.87) demonstrated good quality of life scores.
The study findings indicate that patients undergoing haemodialysis experience moderate quality of life in physical and psychological aspects, while social and environmental domains are comparatively better. The better scores in social and environmental domains may be due to adequate family support, hospital facilities, and supportive care services.
Conclusion
Hemodialysis significantly impacts quality of life. Proper nursing care and patient support can improve the outcomes.
Keywords Hemodialysis, Quality of life, CKD, Nursing care.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-07-04
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