Advanced International Journal for Research

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Volume 7 Issue 4
July-August 2026

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Patenting Of Life Forms And Human Rights: A Critical Study Of Legal Limits, Public Interest, And Biotechnology

Author(s) Prof. GOUTHAM KRISHNA K, Prof. JYOTHIKALAKSHMY PRABHA
Country India
Abstract There is an increasing apprehension with regard to the patenting of higher life forms and the biological materials of those life forms, especially in the context of biotechnology and patents. The discussion, initially centred around issues of law relating to innovation, has now become an issue pertaining to dignity, access to medicines, farmers' rights, and the right to life itself. In discussing the matter of patenting of human material, it is necessary to consider human rights as an essential part since human beings enjoy a special place in our laws. This paper examines legal and human rights problems associated with the patenting of microorganisms, plants, animals and human biological substances, particularly taking into account the laws in India and in comparison with them. This essay suggests that whereas the very prospect of getting a patent acts as motivation for the process of research and development and technological evolution, the patent system which grants unlimited patents demeans humanity and does not serve the best interests of the public. The findings from the research indicate that the efforts by the existing legal framework to place such limits are not stable and always under scrutiny in relation to genetic material, genetically modified organisms, and plant varieties. It is therefore recommended that the interpretation of patent law be done in a manner that encourages innovation while at the same time maintaining the dignity of humanity and basic necessities of life.
Keywords Patenting of life forms, human rights, biotechnology, Indian patent law, public interest.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-08-05
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E-ISSN 3048-7641
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