Advanced International Journal for Research

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Volume 7 Issue 4
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Remote Sensing and GIS-Based Assessment of Water Harvesting Structures for Groundwater Recharge: A Comprehensive Review

Author(s) Mr. Surya Prakash, Manjeet Singh, Kalpana Jain, Poonam
Country India
Abstract Groundwater is the primary source of freshwater for domestic, agricultural, and industrial activities in many regions of the world. However, rapid urbanization, intensive groundwater extraction, changing land-use patterns, and climate variability have significantly reduced groundwater availability, particularly in semi-arid and arid regions. Water harvesting structures (WHS), including check dams, percolation tanks, farm ponds, anicuts, and recharge wells, have emerged as effective interventions for enhancing groundwater recharge by increasing infiltration and reducing surface runoff. Assessing the effectiveness of these structures is essential for sustainable watershed management and informed decision-making. Conventional field-based approaches for evaluating groundwater recharge are often time-consuming, expensive, and spatially limited. In contrast, the integration of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provides a cost-effective, efficient, and spatially comprehensive framework for monitoring, mapping, and assessing groundwater recharge processes over large areas.
This review synthesizes recent advances in the application of RS and GIS for evaluating the impact of water harvesting structures on groundwater recharge. The strengths and limitations of existing methodologies are discussed, with particular emphasis on data availability, spatial resolution, temporal variability, and field validation. Finally, the review identifies current research gaps and highlights future opportunities for integrating geospatial technologies with hydrological models and cloud-based geospatial platforms to improve groundwater recharge assessment and support sustainable water resources management.
Keywords Groundwater Recharge; Water Harvesting Structures; Remote Sensing; Geographic Information System (GIS); Watershed Management; Geospatial Analysis; Artificial Recharge; Sustainable Water Resources.
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-08-05
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E-ISSN 3048-7641
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