Advanced International Journal for Research

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Volume 7 Issue 4
July-August 2026

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WDM-Assisted Simplex Coded OTDR for Enhanced Fiber Sensing

Author(s) Ms. Tiasha Maji, Dr. E.S. Shivaleela
Country India
Abstract Optical time-domain reflectometry (OTDR) is widely used for fiber characterization and fault detection. However, its performance is often limited by weak Rayleigh backscatter and receiver noise, which reduce the achievable signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). Simplex-coded OTDR addresses this limitation by transmitting Hadamard-matrix-derived pulse sequences that improve the SNR compared with conventional single-pulse approaches. However, existing implementations rely on sequential single-wavelength measurements, which limit acquisition efficiency and reduce overall measurement speed. This paper proposes a wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM)-assisted simplex-coded OTDR architecture that introduces wavelength-domain parallelism into the conventional simplex coding framework. Independent simplex-coded pulse sequences are encoded onto distinct optical wavelengths, simultaneously launched into the fiber under test, and individually decoded after wavelength demultiplexing. Theoretical analysis confirms that the proposed architecture fully preserves the simplex coding gain of each wavelength channel while achieving an effective system-level gain that scales with both the number of parallel WDM channels and simplex code length.
Keywords Optical Time-Domain Reflectometer, Simplex Codes, Wavelength-Division Multiplexing, Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Hadamard Matrix.
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-08-18
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E-ISSN 3048-7641
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