When Does National-ID-First Become a Trap?

YOGO DUBOIS

When Does National-ID-First Become a Trap?

Author(s)	Mr. YOGO DUBOIS
Country	United States
Abstract	Payment systems, digital-identity programs, and open-finance reforms are commonly evaluated as institutional infrastructures: whether switches are connected, interfaces standardized, or official credentials available. Yet a formally interoperable ecosystem may remain unusable by a person who lacks an accepted credential, changes a SIM or device, holds accounts across provider types, cannot withdraw consent, or cannot recover from an error. This Stage 1 paper develops person-level interoperability (PLI) as a bounded evaluative category for determining whether individuals can enter proportionately, pay, consent, switch, recover, and obtain remedy across institutional boundaries. It makes four contributions. First, it separates formal capability, production implementation, personal realization, and outcomes through a linked-item architecture that identifies discordance without subtracting non-equivalent scales. Second, it specifies an eight-domain measurement program covering entry and assurance, addressing, payment reach, consent, recovery, integrity, redress, and governance. Third, it prespecifies three confirmatory hypothesis families for preregistration using all eligible Sub-Saharan African Global Findex country-waves from 2014 through 2024, supported by time-stamped legal and production evidence and six fixed sentinel cases for process tracing. Fourth, it establishes a claim ladder and moves provider-neutral addressing and progressive-assurance safety tests into separately governed Phase 2 validation propositions. National-ID-first is treated as a conditional hypothesis: strong public identity may enable trust, while rigid gating may suppress participation when coverage, correction, authentication, or acceptable alternatives are weak. The design is expressly falsifiable and preserves regulated-provider responsibility, data-protection limits, and safety non-inferiority. Keywords: JEL classification: G21; G28; O16; O33; O55
Keywords	person-level interoperability, payment systems, open finance, digital identity, mobile money, progressive assurance, financial inclusion, Sub-Saharan Africa
Field	Sociology > Banking / Finance
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On	2026-08-28

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When Does National-ID-First Become a Trap?

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