Advanced International Journal for Research

E-ISSN: 3048-7641   •   Impact Factor: 9.11

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Volume 7 Issue 5
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Criminal Psychology in Tamil Literature: An Appraisal

Author(s) Prof. Dr. Somu Gothanda Raman
Country India
Abstract This research paper articulates a rigorous interdisciplinary synthesis connecting classical Tamil grammatical theory principally Tolkappiyam and Sangam literary master pieces with contemporary constructs in criminal psychology and behavioral criminology. While western criminological discourse frequently traces its foundational roots to eighteenth-century European thinkers such as Cesare Beccaria and Jeremy Bentham, ancient Tamil textual traditions established a remarkably sophisticated taxonomy of human deviance, psychological motivation, criminal intent (mens rea), and penology nearly two millennia prior. By analyzing the Porulatikaram of Tolkappiyam, specifically the Meyppattiyal (theory of affective psychophysiology) and Tinai (socio-ecological determinism), alongside empirical case studies from Silappatikaram, Thirukkural, and Purananuru, this study demonstrates that ancient Tamil scholars conceptualized crime not merely as an arbitrary violation of sovereign decree, but as a complex psychological breakdown triggered by affective dysregulation, social strain, situational opportunity, and systemic institutional bias. The paper maps classical concepts such as Vehuli (rage), Atanam (contempt/greed), Palai Tinai (criminogenic environment), and Aram (internalized moral regulation) directly onto modern psychological theories including Agnew's General Strain Theory, Bandura's Moral Disengagement, Lombrosian offender taxonomies, and cognitive bias frameworks in judicial decision-making.
Keywords Tamil Grammar, Tolkappiyam, Criminal Psychology, Criminology, Meyppattiyal, Silappatikaram, Mens Rea, Eco-Criminology, Judicial Bias.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 4, July-August 2026
Published On 2026-08-29
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E-ISSN 3048-7641
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