Advanced International Journal for Research

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Volume 7 Issue 5
September-October 2026

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E-governance and Public Welfare Delivery: Issues and Challenges in Implementing Dbt

Author(s) Dr. P Magudapathy
Country India
Abstract Direct Benefit Transfer is fundamentally an e-governance intervention: it seeks to reform public welfare delivery by inserting digital identity, digital payment rails and digital record-keeping between the citizen and the state. Evaluating DBT therefore requires more than an assessment of its fiscal or leakage outcomes; it requires an understanding of why e-governance projects in developing-country settings succeed or fail as information-system interventions. This paper applies the design-reality gap framework developed in the e-governance literature to the specific case of DBT implementation in India, arguing that many of the persistent problems documented in DBT evaluations, including exclusion errors, authentication failures and beneficiary confusion, are best understood not as isolated glitches but as symptoms of a systematic gap between the assumptions embedded in DBT's technical design and the on-the-ground realities of rural infrastructure, institutional capacity and citizen digital literacy. Drawing on the e-governance failure literature and on documented case evidence from Indian welfare programmes, the paper identifies seven recurring dimensions along which design and reality diverge, and argues that closing these gaps, rather than simply expanding DBT's technical footprint, is the central challenge for e-governance-led welfare reform going forward.
Keywords e-governance, Direct Benefit Transfer, design-reality gap, digital governance, welfare delivery, implementation challenges, India
Field Arts
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-09-24
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E-ISSN 3048-7641
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