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Bantar Community in India: An Anthropological Study of Social, Cultural, and Economic Transformation

Author(s) Mr. Mukesh Kumar Sardar, Dr. Alok Pratap Singh
Country India
Abstract The Bantar community is one of the marginalized Scheduled Caste groups in India associated primarily with northern-Bihar and has historically been concentration in the region Mithila-Kosi. Though small in number this community offers an example of how caste, poverty, lack of education, job instability and social isolation shape life in eastern India. The Bihar caste survey released in 2023 provides the most recent and detailed demographic information regarding the Bantar community; according to it, the total population of the Bantar community is 187,951, which constitutes approximately 0.1438 per cent of Bihar’s total population (130,725,310). Despite their significant population in certain areas, the Bantar community has received less and more intermittent anthropological attention than larger Dalit communities such as the Chamar, Dusadh, and Pasi. Historical census records associated this community with occupations such as Mat-Making, while subsequent anthropological and socio-economic studies reveal that they have engaged in a variety of occupations, including agricultural labor, agriculture, migration, and informal employment. The community’s history also illustrates the changing nature of caste identities in the eastern regions, where occupational specialization, migration, agricultural relationships, and government classification have interacted over time.
This article studies the Bantar community from an anthropological perspective. It focuses on historical classification, traditional occupations, caste status, social organization, religious and cultural practices, relationship related to farming, education, economic mobility, and the mythological issues inherent in studying a small, marginalized community. The article urges that Bantar identity should not be understood simply as a fixed category of occupation or caste. Rather, it is constantly reshaped through interaction with local society, government institutions, economic changes, migration, and the community’s strategies for social mobility.
Keywords Bantar, Scheduled Castes, Mahadalits, Bihar, anthropology, social change, occupation, identity, agrarian relations.
Field Sociology > Economics
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-10-02
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