Advanced International Journal for Research

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Volume 7 Issue 5
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Assessment on School Preparedness and Capability on Shooting Incident Response

Author(s) Ms. MARIA MELISSA MEDINA, Ms. AIZA MARRIE LAYAGUE, Ms. OTEZA ROCERO
Country Philippines
Abstract This study aimed to assess the school preparedness and capability on shooting incident response in selected public schools in the DepEd Schools Division of Tacloban City, Leyte and Catbalogan City, Samar during Calendar Year 2026. Specifically, it examined the level of school preparedness in terms of policies and emergency protocols, training and emergency preparedness drills, communication and coordination systems, physical security and safety measures, availability of emergency resources and equipment, and psychosocial support and post-incident recovery. It also determined the perceived response capability of schools and examined whether the identified preparedness dimensions significantly predicted response capability. The study employed a quantitative descriptive-correlational research design. Data were gathered from qualified respondents using a structured questionnaire based on the identified dimensions of active threat preparedness and response capability. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize the respondents' assessments, while correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed to determine the relationships and predictive effects among the study variables. The results indicated that the model was statistically significant, F(6,113) = 33.82, p < 0.001, with an R² of 0.642, indicating that the six preparedness dimensions collectively explained approximately 64.2% of the variance in perceived response capability. Five dimensions significantly predicted response capability: policies and emergency protocols, training and emergency preparedness drills, communication and coordination systems, physical security and safety measures, and availability of emergency resources and equipment. Among these, communication and coordination systems demonstrated the strongest unique predictive contribution. Psychosocial support and post-incident recovery did not significantly predict response capability when the other dimensions were controlled. Based on the findings, an Active Threat Preparedness Plan Enhancement was proposed to strengthen school policies, personnel preparedness, emergency communication, physical security, inter-agency coordination, psychosocial support, and continuous monitoring and evaluation.
Keywords active threat preparedness, shooting incident response, school safety, emergency preparedness, response capability, public schools, preparedness plan
Field Sociology > Administration / Law / Management
Published In Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On 2026-10-10
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