Immediate Effects of Single-leg Stance Exercise on Dynamic Balance and Weight Bearing in Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors: a Quasi-experimental Study

Ram Avtar; Shruti Vishwanath Jambhulkar; Amruta Rajendra Thote

Immediate Effects of Single-leg Stance Exercise on Dynamic Balance and Weight Bearing in Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors: a Quasi-experimental Study

Author(s)	Dr. Ram Avtar, Ms. Shruti Vishwanath Jambhulkar, Ms. Amruta Rajendra Thote
Country	India
Abstract	Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) may lead to persistent balance difficulties, impaired postural control and reduced ability to transfer weight during functional activities. These problems can affect mobility and increase the risk of falls. Single-leg stance exercise is a simple task-specific activity that challenges balance and lower-limb control. Objective: To investigate the immediate effects of single-leg stance exercise on dynamic balance and weight-bearing performance in TBI survivors. Methods: This quasi-experimental pre-test/post-test study included 57 participants with a history of TBI recruited through multispecialty hospitals in Jalna, Maharashtra, using convenience sampling. Single-leg stance time and Step Test performance were assessed on the affected and unaffected sides before and after the intervention. Weight shifting and assistance required were also recorded. Since the outcome data were not normally distributed, pre- and post-intervention comparisons were performed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Median single-leg stance time improved from 15 to 25 seconds on the affected side (Z = −6.541, p < 0.001) and from 19 to 29 seconds on the unaffected side (Z = −6.185, p < 0.001). Median Step Test scores increased from 15 to 25 on the affected side (Z = −6.569, p < 0.001) and from 22 to 30 on the unaffected side (Z = −5.785, p < 0.001). Poor weight shifting was recorded in all participants before intervention, while good weight shifting was recorded in all participants after intervention. The median assistance score decreased from 3 to 1 (Z = −7.184, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The study found statistically significant immediate improvements in single-leg stance time, Step Test performance, observed weight shifting and assistance level following the single-leg stance intervention. Because the study used a quasi-experimental design without a reported control group and assessed immediate outcomes, the findings should be interpreted cautiously.
Keywords	Traumatic brain injury; single-leg stance; dynamic balance; weight bearing; Step Test; physiotherapy.
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 5, September-October 2026
Published On	2026-10-28

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Immediate Effects of Single-leg Stance Exercise on Dynamic Balance and Weight Bearing in Traumatic Brain Injury Survivors: a Quasi-experimental Study

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