Advanced International Journal for Research

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Volume 7 Issue 6
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Artificial Intelligence and the Transformation of Maritime Transport: Opportunities, Risks and a Framework for Intelligent Shipping

Author(s) Dr. Kumar N
Country India
Abstract Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming maritime transport by enabling new capabilities in navigation, vessel operations, predictive maintenance, port management, logistics optimization, environmental performance and autonomous shipping. Unlike earlier generations of maritime digitalization, which primarily focused on automation and information exchange, contemporary AI systems can learn from large and heterogeneous datasets, identify complex patterns, generate predictions and increasingly support or execute operational decisions. Consequently, AI has the potential to reshape not only individual shipboard functions but also the architecture of global maritime transport systems.
This paper critically examines the effects of artificial intelligence on international maritime transport and proposes an integrated framework for understanding the transition towards intelligent shipping. The study synthesizes developments across five interconnected domains: intelligent vessel operations, navigational safety and autonomy, port and terminal optimization, maritime supply-chain resilience, and environmental sustainability. It argues that the principal impact of AI lies not in the replacement of human operators but in the redistribution of decision-making between humans, machines and shore-based organizations.
The paper identifies substantial potential benefits, including improved fuel efficiency, predictive maintenance, enhanced situational awareness, reduced navigational risk, optimized port operations and more resilient supply chains. However, these benefits are accompanied by significant challenges relating to algorithmic reliability, explainability, cybersecurity, data governance, regulatory compatibility, liability and the changing competence requirements of maritime professionals. Recent developments in the International Maritime Organization's regulatory approach to Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) demonstrate that technological innovation is increasingly moving from experimental research towards formal international governance (International Maritime Organization [IMO], 2026).
The paper proposes the Maritime AI Transformation Framework (MATF), which conceptualizes AI adoption through four interacting dimensions: technological capability, operational integration, human oversight and regulatory governance. The framework suggests that the successful adoption of AI in maritime transport depends on balanced development across all four dimensions. The paper concludes that the future of maritime transport will be characterized not by fully autonomous ships replacing conventional shipping in the immediate future, but by progressively integrated human–AI systems operating across ships, ports and global supply networks.
Keywords Artificial intelligence; Maritime transport; Intelligent shipping; Autonomous ships; Maritime logistics; Ports; Maritime safety; Digital transformation; Sustainable shipping.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2026
Published On 2026-11-01
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