Advanced International Journal for Research

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Design and Development of a Bi-plane Tail Sitter VTOL for Enhanced Maneuverability

Author(s) Yashwanth B, Sandhyarani N, Stanzin Angmo, Sharath Kumar A, Nandana V, Sathya Narayanan N.
Country India
Abstract The present project focuses on the design and aerodynamic analysis of a biplane tail sitter vertical take off (VTOL) unmanned aerial vehicle intended for enhanced maneuverability and improved aerodynamic performance. Tail sitter VTOL Unmanned Aerial Vehicle combine the advantages of multi rotor hovering capability and fixed-wing forward-flight efficiency, making them suitable for aerospace applications such as surveillance, reconnaissance, inspection and mapping operations. The project was developed based on an existing reference configuration obtained from the research paper titled “A Comprehensive Design and Experiment of a Biplane Quadrotor Tail-sitter UAV.” In present work, modifications were introduced in the wing airfoil and wing configuration to study their influence on aerodynamic behavior around the UAV structure. The original NACA 4415 airfoil is used in the reference model was replaced with the NACA 6415 airfoil in order to improve airflow smoothness and reduce turbulence formation during forward-flight conditions. The complete UAV model was designed using Autodesk Fusion 360 and aerodynamic analysis was carried out using ANSYS Workbench to study pressure distribution, velocity distribution and streamline behavior around the aircraft body. Based on the obtained aerodynamic results, its assumed that the smoother airflow behavior observed around the UAV body may contribute to reduce induced drag and improved aerodynamic efficiency during forward flight. CFD analysis showed that the modified NACA 6415 airfoil achieved 13.46% reduction in drag coefficient,11.67% increase in maximum lift coefficient (CL), and 18.86% improvement in lift-to-drag ratio (CL/CD) compared with the reference NACA 4415 airfoil. These modification enhances forward-flight aerodynamic efficiency.
Keywords UAV, VTOL, Biplane, Range, Endurance
Field Engineering
Published In Volume 7, Issue 6, November-December 2026
Published On 2026-11-10
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E-ISSN 3048-7641
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