Advanced International Journal for Research

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Effects of Scapular Stabilization Exercise and Abdominal Muscle Strengthening Exercise on Pain, Craniovertebral Angle and Lumbar Lordotic Angle in Patients with Forward Head Posture Along with Low Back Pain

Author(s) Mr. Sudhakar D, Prof. Vimal C B, Dr. Manoj Abraham M
Country India
Abstract BACKGROUND: Forward head posture (FHP) occurs when there is an anterior translation of the head, deviating from normal alignment. It is characterized by increased flexion in the lower cervical and upper thoracic spine. Changes in cervical hyperlordosis and thoracic hyperkyphosis can trigger a chain reaction, leading to lumbar hyperlordosis. There is a correlation between forward head posture and low back pain. The present study will focus on the curative aspects of forward head posture as well as low back pain.
AIM: The aim of the study is to find out the effects of scapular stabilization exercise and abdominal muscle strengthening exercise to measure the pain, craniovertebral angle and lumbar lordotic angle in patients with forward head posture along with low back pain.
METHODOLOGY: A one year pre-test and post-test experimental study at K.G. Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Centre and K.G Hospital, Coimbatore, involved 30 participants aged 25-45 years with forward head posture along with low back pain. Group A underwent scapular stabilization exercise along with pectoralis muscle stretching and Group B underwent abdominal strengthening exercise along with pectoralis muscle stretching for three days a week for six weeks, with treatment sessions of 45 minutes. Pain intensity, craniovertebral angle and lumbar lordotic angle were assessed pre and post intervention using a visual analogue scale, photogrammetry, flexicurve ruler. Respectively statistical analysis included paired and unpaired t-tests.
RESULTS: Both groups showed significant improvements in pain intensity, craniovertebral angle and lumbar lordotic angle from pre to post intervention. Unpaired t- test analysis demonstrated significant between group differences (p<0.05) for all post-test measures: pain intensity (t =4.04), craniovertebral angle (t =2.99) and lumbar lordotic angle (t =3.58). Participants in Group B shows greater improvements than Group A.
CONCLUSION: The study concludes that abdominal muscle strengthening exercise combined with pectoralis muscle stretching has marked therapeutic effects than the scapular stabilization exercise combined with pectoralis muscle stretching.
KEY WORDS: Forward head posture, Scapular stabilization exercise, Abdominal muscle strengthening exercise, Pectoralis muscles stretching, Pain, Craniovertebral angle, Lumbar lordotic angle.
Keywords Forward head posture, Scapular stabilization exercise, Abdominal muscle strengthening exercise, Pectoralis muscles stretching, Pain, Craniovertebral angle, Lumbar lordotic angle.
Published In Volume 7, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-01-28
DOI https://doi.org/10.63363/aijfr.2026.v07i01.2070
Short DOI https://doi.org/hbmz27
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