Advanced International Journal for Research

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Age–Gender–Education Differentials in Short-Term Internal Migration in Jamui District, Bihar (India): A Geographical Analysis

Author(s) Chandrendu, Dr. Swati Yadav
Country India
Abstract Migration is an important demographic process that reflects the interaction between population characteristics and regional socio-economic conditions. Short-term internal migration, in particular, plays a crucial role in shaping labour mobility and household survival strategies in economically backward regions of India. This study examines the age–gender–education differentials in short-term internal migration from Jamui District, with a geographical perspective. Jamui district, located in south-eastern Bihar, is predominantly rural, agrarian, and socio-economically backward, with limited industrial development and employment opportunities. These regional characteristics make the district highly prone to migration, especially among the working-age population. The study is based entirely on secondary data obtained from the Census of India 2011, specifically Migration Table D-7, which provides information on migrants by place of last residence with a duration of 0–9 years, classified by age, sex, educational level, and reason for migration. Descriptive statistical techniques, percentage analysis, cross-tabulation, and the Chi-Square test of independence have been employed to analyze migration patterns and test the association between gender and reasons for migration. The findings reveal that short-term migration from Jamui district is highly age-selective, dominated by the 15–44 years working-age group. Significant gender differentials are observed, with male migration largely driven by work and employment, while female migration is predominantly associated with marriage. Educational attainment also influences migration, with higher mobility among individuals having primary to secondary levels of education. The Chi-Square test confirms a statistically significant association between gender and reason for migration. The study concludes that short-term internal migration in Jamui district is a structured and selective process shaped by demographic characteristics and regional underdevelopment, highlighting the need for employment generation, educational expansion, and gender-sensitive development planning.
Keywords Short-term internal migration; Gender differentials; Educational attainment; Census D-7 data; Jamui District
Published In Volume 7, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On 2026-02-19
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