Advanced International Journal for Research

E-ISSN: 3048-7641   •   Impact Factor: 9.11

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Volume 7 Issue 2
March-April 2026

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Finite Element Analysis of Magnetohydrodynamic Flow of an Incompressible Fluid in a Rectangular Channel

Author(s) Ms. Seema, Dr. Seema Singh
Country India
Abstract Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow of electrically conducting fluids has significant applications in engineering, metallurgy, cooling systems, and biomedical devices. The present study investigates the steady, fully developed flow of an incompressible viscous fluid in a rectangular channel under the influence of a transverse magnetic field. The governing second-order differential equation is derived from the Navier–Stokes equation by incorporating the Lorentz force term to account for magnetic effects. The resulting boundary value problem is solved numerically using the Finite Element Method (FEM). A weak formulation of the governing equation is developed, and the computational domain is discretized into finite elements. The effect of the magnetic parameter (Hartmann number) on the velocity distribution is analyzed. The results show that increasing the magnetic field strength significantly reduces the fluid velocity due to the resistive Lorentz force. The velocity profile becomes flatter as the magnetic parameter increases. The study demonstrates that the finite element method provides an accurate and efficient numerical tool for analyzing MHD flow problems. The findings may be useful in the design and optimization of industrial systems involving electrically conducting fluids.
Keywords Magnetic Field Effects, Numerical Simulation, Lorentz Force, Computational Fluid Dynamics, Hartmann Flow
Field Mathematics
Published In Volume 7, Issue 2, March-April 2026
Published On 2026-03-21
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E-ISSN 3048-7641
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