Transformation of the Indian Education Landscape: A Closer Look at NEP 2020—Implementation, Scope, and Challenges

Author(s)	Dr. Vinit Arun Vaidya, Dr. Gitesh Gajanan Padhye, Dr. Deepa Shivaji Jamindar, Mrs. Ruchi Negi
Country	India
Abstract	India’s National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a huge shift in how the country thinks about teaching and learning. It leaves behind the old 1986 policy and reaches for something broader—more flexible, more open to different disciplines, and much more in tune with today’s world. In this review, we dig into major changes, like the 5+3+3+4 school system and the Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) that’s shaking up higher education. By 2026, the rollout has hit a crucial point. There’s visible progress in bringing technology into classrooms, yet old problems—like lacking infrastructure or gaps between regions—still stick around. This paper looks at how NEP 2020 is building 21st-century skills, the positives of hands-on vocational learning, and the downsides, especially for students left behind by tech gaps or language barriers.
Keywords	Holistic Education, Multidisciplinary Learning, Pedagogical Reform, Digital Divide, Vocational Education
Published In	Volume 7, Issue 1, January-February 2026
Published On	2026-02-23

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